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movie
theater
(American
English),[1]
cinema
(British
English),[2]
or
cinema
hall
(Indian
English),[3]
also
known
as
a
picture
house,
the
pictures,
picture
theater,
the
silver
screen,
or
the
movies,
is
a
building
that
contains
auditoria
for
viewing
films
(also
called
movies)
for
entertainment.
Most,
but
not
all,
theaters
are
commercial
operations
catering
to
the
general
public,
who
attend
by
purchasing
a
ticket.
Some
movie
theaters,
however,
are
operated
by
non-profit
organizations
or
societies
that
charge
members
a
membership
fee
to
view
films.
Modern
cinema
auditorium
in
Madrid,
Spain
Rodgers
Theatre
in
Poplar
Bluff
in
Missouri.
This
Art
Deco-style
theater
opened
in
1949.
The
view
from
the
projectionist's
booth
at
Ultimate
Palace
Cinema
in
Oxford.
The
picture
the
projector
is
displaying
is
the
1997
Universal
Pictures
logo.
A
cinema
auditorium
in
Australia
The
film
is
projected
with
a
movie
projector
onto
a
large
projection
screen
at
the
front
of
the
auditorium
while
the
dialogue,
sounds,
and
music
are
played
through
a
number
of
wall-mounted
speakers.
Since
the
1970s,
subwoofers
have
been
used
for
low-pitched
sounds.
Since
the
2010s,
most
movie
theaters
have
been
equipped
for
digital
cinema
projection,
removing
the
need
to
create
and
transport
a
physical
film
print
on
a
heavy
reel.
A
great
variety
of
films
are
shown
at
cinemas,
ranging
from
animated
films
to
blockbusters
to
documentaries.
The
smallest
movie
theaters
have
a
single
viewing
room
with
a
single
screen.
In
the
2010s,
most
movie
theaters
had
multiple
screens.
The
largest
theater
complexes,
which
are
called
multiplexes—a
concept
developed
in
Canada
in
the
1950s
—
have
up
to
thirty
screens.
The
audience
members
often
sit
on
padded
seats,
which
in
most
theaters
are
set
on
a
sloped
floor,
with
the
highest
part
at
the
rear
of
the
theater.
Movie
theaters
often
sell
soft
drinks,
popcorn,
and
candy,
and
some
theaters
sell
hot
fast
food.
In
some
jurisdictions,
movie
theaters
can
be
licensed
to
sell
alcoholic
drinks.
Movie
theatres
stand
in
a
long
tradition
of
theaters
that
could
house
all
kinds
of
entertainment.
Some
forms
of
theatrical
entertainment
would
involve
the
screening
of
moving
images
and
can
be
regarded
as
precursors
of
film.
In
1799,
Étienne-Gaspard
"Robertson"
Robert
moved
his
Phantasmagorie
show
to
an
abandoned
cloister
near
the
Place
Vendôme
in
Paris.
The
eerie
surroundings,
with
a
graveyard
and
ruins,
formed
an
ideal
location
for
his
ghostraising
spectacle.
When
it
opened
in
1838,
The
Royal
Polytechnic
Institution
in
London
became
a
very
popular
and
influential
venue
with
all
kinds
of
magic
lantern
shows
as
an
important
part
of
its
program.
At
the
main
theatre,
with
500
seats,
lanternists
would
make
good
use
of
a
battery
of
six
large
lanterns
running
on
tracked
tables
to
project
the
finely
detailed
images
of
extra
large
slides
on
the
648
square
feet
screen.
The
magic
lantern
was
used
to
illustrate
lectures,
concerts,
pantomimes
and
other
forms
of
theatre.
Popular
magic
lantern
presentations
included
phantasmagoria,
mechanical
slides,
Henry
Langdon
Childe's
dissolving
views
and
his
chromatrope.[10][11]
The
earliest
known
public
screening
of
projected
stroboscopic
animation
was
presented
by
Austrian
magician
Ludwig
Döbler
on
15
January
1847
at
the
Josephstadt
Theatre
in
Vienna,
with
his
patented
Phantaskop.
The
animated
spectacle
was
part
of
a
well-received
show
that
sold-out
in
several
European
cities
during
a
tour
that
lasted
until
the
spring
of
1848.[12][13][14][15]
The
famous
Parisian
entertainment
venue
Le
Chat
Noir
opened
in
1881
and
is
remembered
for
its
shadow
plays,
renewing
the
popularity
of
such
shows
in
France.
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