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Temple
of
Augustus
and
Rome;
is
an augusteum located
in Altındağ district
of Ankara.
It
is
thought
to
have
been
built
around
25-20 AD.
Besides
being
one
of
the
most
important
Roman
period
ruins
in
the
city,
it
is
also
known
for Monumentum
Ancyranum.
This
is
an
inscription
about
the
works
of Augustus,
who
was
considered
the
first Roman
emperor,
throughout
his
life.
It
is
the
most
complete
copy
of Res
Gestae
Divi
Augusti that
has
survived
to
the
present
day,
as
the
original
in Rome had
disappeared.
An
earlier,
2nd
century
BCE Phrygian temple
on
the
site
was
destroyed.[1]
History:
The
Augusteum
was
built
between
25–20 BC
after
the
conquest
of
central Anatolia by
the Roman
Empire and
the
formation
of
the Galatia province,
with Ancyra as
its
administrative
capital.
It
was
reintroduced
to
the
western
world
by Ogier
Ghiselin
de
Busbecq,
ambassador
of Ferdinand
of
Austria,
to
the
Sultan Suleyman
the
Magnificent (1555–1562)
at
Amasia
in
Asia
Minor.
Busbecq
first
read
the
inscription
and
identified
its
origin
from
his
reading
of Suetonius;
he
published
a
copy
of
parts
of
it
in
his Turkish
Letters.[2]
Only
the
side
walls
and
the
ornamented
door
frame
remain;
the
positions
of
six
columns
can
still
be
recognized.
Monumentum
Ancyranum:
After
the
death
of
Augustus
in
AD 14,
a
copy
of
the
text
of
the Res
Gestae
Divi
Augusti was
inscribed
on
both
walls
inside
the pronaos in Latin,
with
a Greek translation
on
an
exterior
wall
of
the cella.
The
inscriptions
are
the
primary
surviving
source
of
the
text,
since
the
original
inscription
on
bronze
pillars
in
front
of
the Mausoleum
of
Augustus in Rome has
long
been
lost,
and
two
other
surviving
inscriptions
of
the
text
are
incomplete.[3] Squeezes
of
the
Monumentum
Ancyrum
were
obtained
by
the
Cornell
Expedition
in
1907–1908,
and
have
been
the
basis
for
epigraphic
study
including
by
the
epigrapher Mariana
McCaulley.
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