4/5 Agus S. 5 years ago on Google
(Translated
by
Google)
Minimal
publications
make
this
historic
place
less
known
to
the
public.
Especially
the
location
on
the
hill,
which
to
get
to
this
place
must
go
through
a
winding
and
branching
road.
Located
in
Kampung
Baru
Tengah
Village,
West
Balikpapan,
people
often
call
this
place
Mount
Meriam
or
Bukit
Dormitory.
If
it's
called
a
museum,
it
doesn't
seem
right,
because
it's
very
minimal
information
to
be
used
as
a
historical
guide.
People
know
that
the
cannon
is
a
legacy
of
Japanese
soldiers
in
World
War
II.
After
all,
in
this
area
it
is
used
as
a
PDAM
water
reservoir.
At
the
very
least,
with
the
presence
of
two
cannons
that
were
stationary
in
the
Bukit
Dormitory,
it
was
enough
to
witness
history
that
Balikpapan
had
once
been
obstructed
by
Japanese
and
Dutch
soldiers.
As
history
explains,
Dutch
colonialism
nailed
colonization
in
almost
all
parts
of
Indonesia,
over
two
hundred
years.
As
for
Balikpapan,
since
the
discovery
of
the
Mathilda
oil
well
in
1879
AD,
the
Dutch
have
begun
to
look
for
profits
from
oil
fields.
The
Netherlands
makes
Balikpapan
as
an
oil
bar
that
is
freely
sucked
up
at
any
time
without
feeling
guilty
as
if
it
were
all
their
ancestors.
Moreover,
at
that
time
Balikpapan
was
like
a
no-man's-land,
only
inhabited
by
the
Pasir
Balik
tribe
whose
population
was
still
small.
Most
Pasir
Balik
tribes
only
work
as
fishermen,
who
know
nothing
about
liquid
gold
called
oil.
To
dig
wells
and
oil
refineries,
the
Netherlands
brought
in
a
lot
of
manpower
from
the
island
of
Java.
Thousands
of
workers
were
brought
to
Balikpapan
without
any
difficulties,
because
they
were
promised
salaries
and
facilities,
while
on
Java
they
worked
hard
without
salary.
Slowly
but
surely,
since
the
construction
of
the
refinery
by
the
Netherlands,
Balikpapan,
which
used
to
be
a
deserted
forest
as
if
without
occupants,
has
become
crowded
and
busy.
No
doubt,
like
a
magnet,
migrants
from
all
over
the
country
began
docking
in
Balikpapan,
both
to
find
jobs
and
to
trade.
It
was
recorded
from
Java,
Banjar,
Central
Kalimantan,
South
Kalimantan,
Sulawesi,
even
from
the
Middle
East,
China
and
Europe
coming
to
Balikpapan.
Do
not
be
surprised
if
Balikpapan
at
that
time
was
more
advanced
compared
to
other
regions
in
Indonesia.
In
addition
to
refineries,
infrastructure
and
various
facilities
were
also
built
as
supporting
facilities,
including
hospitals.
Then
the
Second
World
War
broke
out
(September
1,
1939
-
August
14,
1945).
Japan
and
its
comrades,
including
Germany,
have
the
upper
hand.
Japanese
fascism
finally
penetrated
the
territory
of
Indonesia
with
the
slogan
3
A:
Japanese
Asian
leader,
Japanese
Asian
protector,
Japanese
Asian
light.
Then
what
is
the
connection
with
the
cannon?
On
January
23
and
24,
1942,
Japan
through
its
fleet
invaded
Balikpapan.
Facing
a
power
that
is
not
balanced,
the
Netherlands
is
not
ready.
Although
3
Japanese
ships
were
successfully
sunk,
on
January
25,
1942
the
Japanese
army
under
the
leadership
of
Maj.
Gen.
Shizuo
Sakaguchi
managed
to
push
in
almost
without
resistance.
The
Dutch
troops
retreated
inland,
having
previously
detonated
tanks
and
oil
pipes
with
the
aim
of
not
being
used
by
the
Japanese
army.
Under
Japanese
rule,
the
people
of
Balikpapan
are
very
miserable.
Refinery
employees
are
no
longer
paid.
The
strikers
are
banged
or
stabbed
using
bayonets.
If
the
Netherlands
during
its
reign
in
Balikpapan
built
refineries
and
infrastructure,
then
Japan
would
build
more
defenses,
both
bunkers
and
MERIAM
installed
in
strategic
places,
including
the
Hill
Dormitory.
Until
finally
Japan,
under
Emperor
Hirohito,
surrendered
unconditionally
to
the
Allies
on
August
15,
1945.
(Original)
Publikasi
yang
minim
membuat
tempat
bersejarah
ini
kurang
dikenal
khalayak.
Apalagi
lokasinya
di
bukit,
yang
untuk
sampai
ke
tempat
ini
harus
melalui
jalan
berliku
dan
bercabang.
Letaknya
di
Kelurahan
Kampung
Baru
Tengah,
Balikpapan
Barat,
orang
kerap
menyebut
tempat
ini
dengan
Gunung
Meriam
atau
Asrama
Bukit.
Kalau
disebut
museum
sepertinya
kurang
pas,
karena
sangat
minim
informasi
untuk
dijadikan
panduan
sejarah.
Orang
tahunya
meriam
itu
peninggalan
tentara
Jepang
pada
Perang
Dunia
ke
dua.
Lagi
pula,
di
area
ini
digunakan
sebagai
bak
penampungan
air
PDAM.
Paling
tidak,
dengan
adanya
dua
buah
meriam
yang
terpaku
diam
di
Asrama
Bukit
ini
cukup
menjadi
saksi
sejarah
bahwa
dulu
Balikpapan
pernah
di
obok-obok
tentara
Jepang
dan
Belanda.
Sebagaimana
sejarah
menjelaskan,
Kolonial
Belanda
menancapkan
kuku
penjajahan
hampir
di
seluruh
wilayah
Indonesia,
dua
ratus
tahun
lebih.
Adapun
Balikpapan,
sejak
ditemukannya
sumur
minyak
Mathilda
1879
Masehi,
mulai
dilirik
Belanda
untuk
meraup
keuntungan
dari
ladang
minyak.
Belanda
menjadikan
Balikpapan
sebagai
lumbung
minyak
yang
bebas
disedot
kapan
saja
tanpa
merasa
berdosa
seolah-olah
itu
semua
warisan
moyang
mereka.
Apalagi
waktu
itu
Balikpapan
bagai
daerah
tak
bertuan,
hanya
dihuni
suku
Pasir
Balik
yang
populasinya
masih
sedikit.
Kebanyakan
suku
Pasir
Balik
hanya
berprofesi
sebagai
nelayan,
yang
tidak
tahu
apa-apa
tentang
emas
cair
bernama
minyak.
Untuk
menggali
sumur
dan
kilang
minyak,
Belanda
mendatangkan
banyak
manpower
dari
pulau
Jawa.
Ribuan
tenaga
kerja
didatangkan
ke
Balikpapan
tanpa
mengalami
kesulitan,
karena
kepada
mereka
dijanjikan
gaji
dan
fasilitas,
sedangkan
di
pulau
Jawa
mereka
kerja
rodi
tanpa
gaji.
Perlahan
tapi
pasti,
sejak
dibangunnya
kilang
oleh
Belanda,
Balikpapan
yang
tadinya
hutan
sepi
seolah
tanpa
penghuni,
menjadi
ramai
dan
sibuk.
Tak
ayal,
bak
magnet,
para
pendatang
dari
segala
penjuru
negeri
mulai
merapat
ke
Balikpapan,
baik
untuk
memcari
pekerjaan
maupun
untuk
berdagang.
Tercatat
dari
pulau
Jawa,
Banjar,
Kalteng,
Kalsel,
Sulawesi,
bahkan
dari
Timur
Tengah,
Tiongkok
dan
Eropa
berdatangan
ke
Balikpapan.
Jangan
heran
kalau
di
masa
itu
Balikpapan
lebih
maju
dibandingkan
dengan
daerah-daerah
lain
di
Indonesia.
Selain
Kilang,
infrastruktur
dan
berbagai
fasilitas
ikut
dibangun
sebagai
sarana
penunjang,
termasuk
Rumah
Sakit.
Lalu
pecah
Perang
Dunia
ke
2.(
1
September
1939
-
14
Agustus
1945).
Jepang
dan
konco-konconya
termasuk
Jerman
berada
di
atas
angin.
Fasisme
Jepang
akhirnya
merambah
wilayah
Indonesia
dengan
slogan
3
A:
Jepang
Pemimpin
Asia,
Jepang
Pelindung
Asia,
Jepang
Cahaya
Asia.
Lalu
apa
kaitannya
dengan
meriam
tadi?
Tanggal
23
dan
24
Januari
1942,
Jepang
melalui
armada
lautnya
menyerbu
Balikpapan.
Menghadapi
kekuatan
yang
tidak
imbang,
Belanda
tidak
siap.
Meski
3
kapal
Jepang
berhasil
ditenggelamkan,
tanggal
25
Januari
1942
tentara
jepang
dibawah
pimpinan
Mayjen
Shizuo
Sakaguchi
berhasil
merangsek
masuk
hampir
tanpa
perlawanan.
Tentara
Belanda
mundur
ke
pedalaman,
setelah
sebelumnya
meledakkan
tanki
dan
pipa-pipa
minyak
dengan
tujuan
agar
tidak
dimanfaatkan
tentara
Jepang.
Dibawah
kekuasaan
Jepang,
rakyat
Balikpapan
sangat
sengsara.
Karyawan
Kilang
tidak
lagi
digaji.
Yang
mogok
kerja
di
dor
atau
ditusuk
pakai
bayonet.
Jika
Belanda
selama
berkuasa
di
Balikpapan
membangun
kilang
dan
infrastruktur,
maka
Jepang
lebih
banyak
membangun
pertahanan,
baik
itu
bunker-
bunker
maupun
MERIAM
yang
di
pasang
ditempat-tempat
strategis,
diantaranya
ya
di
Asrama
Bukit
itu.
Sampai
akhirnya
Jepang,
dibawah
Kaisar
Hirohito,
menyerah
tanpa
syarat
kepada
Sekutu
pada
tanggal
15
Agustus
1945.
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