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Victory
Monument
(Thai:
อนุสาวรีย์ชัยสมรภูมิ,
RTGS:
Anusawari
Chai
Samoraphum)
is
a
military
monument
in
Bangkok,
Thailand.
The
monument
was
erected
in
June
1941
to
commemorate
the
Thai
victory
in
the
Franco-Thai
War.
The
monument
is
in
Ratchathewi
District,
northeast
of
central
Bangkok,
at
the
center
of
a
traffic
circle
in
the
intersection
of
Phahonyothin,
Phaya
Thai
and
Ratchawithi
roads.
The
monument
is
entirely
Western
in
design.
This
is
in
contrast
with
another
prominent
monument
of
Bangkok,
the
Democracy
Monument,
which
uses
indigenous
Thai
forms
and
symbols.
The
central
obelisk,
although
originally
Egyptian,
has
been
frequently
used
in
Europe
and
the
US
for
national
and
military
memorials,
its
shape
suggesting
both
a
sword
and
masculine
potency.
Here
it
is
executed
in
the
shape
of
five
bayonets
clasped
together.
Five
statues,
representing
the
army,
navy,
air
force,
police,
and
civilian
population,
are
depicted
in
Western
"heroic"
style,
familiar
in
the
1940s
in
both
fascist
and
communist
states.
They
were
created
by
the
Italian
sculptor
Corrado
Feroci,
who
worked
under
the
Thai
name
Silpa
Bhirasi.
The
sculptor
did
not
like
the
combination
of
his
work
with
the
obelisk,
and
referred
to
the
monument
as
"the
victory
of
embarrassment".
In
1940–1941,
Thailand
fought
a
brief
conflict
against
the
Vichy
French
colonial
authorities
in
French
Indochina,
which
resulted
in
Thailand
annexing
some
territories
in
western
Cambodia
and
northern
and
southern
Laos.
These
were
among
the
territories
which
the
Kingdom
of
Siam
had
ceded
to
France
in
1893
and
1904,
and
nationalist
Thais
considered
them
to
belong
to
Thailand.
The
fighting
between
the
Thais
and
the
French
in
December
1940
and
January
1941
was
brief
and
inconclusive.
Fifty-nine
Thai
troops
were
killed
and
the
final
territorial
settlement
was
imposed
on
both
parties
by
Japan,
which
did
not
want
to
see
a
prolonged
war
between
two
regional
allies
at
a
time
when
it
was
preparing
to
launch
a
war
of
conquest
in
Southeast
Asia.
Thailand's
gains
were
less
than
it
had
hoped
for,
although
more
than
the
French
wished
to
concede.
Nevertheless,
the
Thai
regime
of
Field
Marshal
Plaek
Phibunsongkhram
celebrated
the
outcome
of
the
war
as
a
victory,
and
the
monument
was
commissioned,
designed,
and
erected
within
a
few
months.
The
monument
became
an
embarrassment
in
a
more
political
sense
in
1945
when
the
Allied
victory
in
the
Pacific
War
forced
Thailand
to
evacuate
the
territories
it
had
gained
in
1941
and
return
them
to
France.
Many
Thais
regard
the
monument
as
an
inappropriate
symbol
of
militarism
and
a
relic
of
what
they
now
see
as
a
discredited
regime.
Nevertheless,
the
monument
remains
one
of
Bangkok's
most
familiar
landmarks.
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