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HistoryEdit
The Gopālarājavaṃśāvalī says
Boudhanath
was
founded
by
the
Nepalese Licchavi king
Śivadeva
(c.
590-604
CE);
though
other
Nepalese
chronicles
date
it
to
the
reign
of
King
Mānadeva
(464-505
CE).[8][9]Tibetan
sources
claim
a
mound
on
the
site
was
excavated
in
the
late
15th
or
early
16th
century
and
the
bones
of
King Aṃshuvarmā 605-621
were
discovered
there.[10]
The
earliest
historical
references
to
the
Khaasti
Chaitya
are
found
in
the
Chronicles
of
the
Newars.
Firstly,
Khaasti
is
mentioned
as
one
of
the
four
stupas
found
by
the
Licchavi
king
Vrisadeva
(ca.AD
400)
or
Vikramjit.
Secondly,
the
Newars
legend
of
the
stupa’s
origin
attributes
it
to
king
Dharmadeva’s
son,
Manadeva
as
atonement
for
his
un
writing
parricide
Manadeva
was
the
great
Licchavi
king,
military
conqueror
and
the
patron
of
the
arts
who
reigned
ca.AD
464-505.
Manadeva
is
also
linked
with
the
Swayambhu
Chaitya
of
Gum
Bahal.
Thirdly,
another
great
Licchhavi
king
Shivadeva
(AD
590-604)
is
associated
with
Boudha
by
an
inscription;
he
may
have
restored
the
chaitya.
According
to
the
history
of
Nepal,
the
palace
of
King
Vikramjit
(Licchavi
King)
once
stood
where
the
Naranhiti
Palace
currently
stands.
King
Vikramjit
instructed
that
a
Hiti
should
be
built
in
the
southern
part
of
palace
courtyard,
but
there
was
no
sign
of
water
from
the
Hiti,
for
which
the
king
consulted
Astrologers.
Astrologers
suggested
that
a
sacrifice
with
a
male
candidate
having
‘swee-nita
lachhyan'(स्वीनिता
लछ्यन),
or
thirty-two
perfections
should
be
performed.
Only
the
king
himself
and
his
two
princes
were
suitable
candidates.
So,
the
king
decided
to
sacrifice
himself
and
ordered
one
of
his
sons
to
sacrifice
him
so
that
sign
of
water
could
be
seen
at
the
Hiti.
The
king
told
his
son
that
a
man
will
be
sleeping
by
covering
his
face
and
body,
and
to
sacrifice
him
without
looking
at
his
face.
After
the
son
did
so,
he
realised
he
had
killed
his
own
father.
With
regret
and
guilty
he
consulted
with
priests
for
way
to
salvation.
The
priests
suggested
him
to
fly
a
‘bwo-khaa'(ब्वःखा)
a
flying
hen
from
the
top
of
Mhaasu
Khwaa
Maju(म्हासु
ख्वा:
माजु).
The
hen
landed
in
the
place
where
the
chaitya
is
currently
standing.
An
Ajimaa
was
already
located
at
that
place
before
the
chaitya
construction
started.
During
the
time
of
its
construction,
the
place
was
struck
with
a
drought
and
the
people
managed
to
abate
the
scarcity
of
water
by
collecting
the
droplets
of
dew.
Dew
is
called
‘Khasu'(खसु)
and
droplets
are
called
‘Ti'(ति).
Historians
suggest
that
the
traditional
knowledge
to
harvest
dew
droplets
have
been
lost
with
time.
The
places
that
end
with
‘Ti'(ति)
have
similar
history,
such
as
Chalati(चलति),
Kusunti(कुसिन्ति),
and
so
on.
Khaasti
Ajimaa(खास्ति
अजिमा)
is
one
of
the
important
Ajima
of
Kathmandu.
The
Newa
tradition
consider
Ajima
as
super
power.
These
female
energies
protect
the
nation.
The
tradition
of
Kumari
relates
to
a
place
called
‘Kumari-gaal’
which
is
south
to
Khaasti. [11]
However,
the
emperor Trisong
Detsen (r.
755
to
797)
of
the Tibetan
Empire is
also
traditionally
associated
with
the
construction
of
the
Boudhanath
Stupa.
The Yolmo Shakya
Zangpo
from Helambu resurrected
Boudhanath.
Princess
of
Nepal
Bhrikuti
got
married
to
King
of
Tibet
Songtsen
Gampo.
His
other
Chinese
wife
and
Bhrikuti
are
credited
for
introduction
and
spread
of
Buddhism
in
Tibet.
Along
Songtsen
Gampo
was
Trisong
Detsen,
first
Dharma
King
under
him.
While
Buddhism
was
spreading
in
Tibet,
and
Tibet-Nepal
trade
relations
were
being
stronger,
a
widow
Tibetan
woman
travelled
from
Lhasa
to
visit
Khaasti.
She
brought
her
four
sons
and
they
were
fascinated
by
witnessing
how
Newa
people
constructed
chaitya,
a
meta-symbolic
construction
with
distinct
levels
of
suggestion,
sagacity
and
profoundness.
The
woman’s
name
was
Jyajhima,
who
took
shade
for
many
days
in
Khaasti.
Impressed
by
the
hospitality
of
Newars,
she
and
her
sons
went
back
to
Lhasa
and
told
people
stories
about
her
experience
in
Nepal.
She
is
notable
as
in
those
times,
only
traders
and
specially
men
were
ones
traveling
Nepal-Tibet
and
back.
She
was
fascinated
by
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