5/5 Yee W. 3 years ago on Google
(Translated
by
Google)
After
Jin
Liao
was
eliminated,
Yanjing
was
changed
to
"China
Capital".
Jin
Hailing
Wang
Wanyanliang
Tiande
two
years
(1150)
expanded
"Yaoyu
Palace"
and
added
"Yaoguang
Temple".
From
three
to
nineteen
years
of
Jin
Dading
(1163-1179),
Jin
Shizong
built
the
Qionghua
Island,
imitating
the
Bianliang
of
Beizong
(now
Kaifeng,
Henan),
and
built
a
large
number
of
Taihu
stones
from
the
"Yuan
Yue"
imperial
garden
Built
into
rockery
caves,
the
Daning
Ligong
(also
known
as
Taining
Palace)
was
built
in
the
northeastern
suburb
of
Zhongdu
with
Yaoyu
(ie
Beihai)
as
the
center.
Since
then,
Beihai
has
basically
formed
the
pattern
of
today's
royal
palaces.
At
that
time,
the
soil
dug
into
the
"Golden
Sea"
was
expanded
into
islands
and
hills
surrounding
the
sea.
The
island
was
called
"Qionghua
Island",
the
water
was
called
"Xihuatan",
and
the
"Guanghan
Temple"
and
other
buildings
were
rebuilt.
From
the
first
year
of
Yuan
to
the
eighth
year
of
Yuan
(1264-1271),
Kublai,
the
ancestor
of
Yuan
Dynasty,
decided
to
choose
a
new
site
in
the
northeast
suburb
of
the
old
capital
city
and
build
a
large
capital.
In
the
following
eight
years,
Qionghua
Island
was
expanded
three
times
and
the
Guanghan
Temple
was
rebuilt.
Guanghan
Palace
is
120
feet
wide
from
east
to
west,
62
feet
deep
and
50
feet
high.
There
are
7
halls
and
wide
halls
where
the
emperors
will
meet.
In
the
hall
is
placed
"Dushan
Dayuhai"
(now
the
big
jade
urn
in
Beihai
Tuancheng)
Beihai
Park
under
the
blue
sky
Beihai
Park
under
the
blue
sky
(53
photos)
),
built
the
“Jade
Hall”
and
placed
the
“Five
Mountain
Jade
Jade”
(now
in
Taipei),
and
built
a
jade
rockery
with
a
jade
sounding
iron
hanging
from
the
top
of
the
hall,
and
two
small
stalagmites
each
with
a
dragon
head,
spouting
from
The
lake
water
brought
up
by
the
waterwheel
after
the
mountain.
In
the
eighth
year
of
Yuan
Dynasty
(1271),
Qionghua
Island
was
renamed
"Wanshou
Mountain"
(also
known
as
"Longevity
Mountain").
Taking
Qionghua
Island
as
the
center,
and
building
palaces
on
the
east
and
west
sides
of
the
lake,
Beihai
will
be
built
into
a
magnificent
royal
garden.
After
moving
to
Beijing
in
the
Ming
Dynasty,
Zhu
Di
expanded
and
repaired
the
Beihai
on
the
basis
of
the
Yuan
Dynasty,
but
basically
maintained
the
pattern
of
the
Beihai
in
the
Yuan
Dynasty.
By
the
time
of
Xuande
in
the
Ming
Dynasty,
Xuanzong
Zhu
Zhanji
had
carried
out
large-scale
expansion
and
repair
of
the
"Long
Live
Mountain".
The
Yitian
Temple
was
restored
in
Yuandi
(now
Tuancheng),
the
Xishan
Lifting
Yuandian
was
built
on
the
small
island
south
of
Yuandi,
and
the
bridge
was
filled
in
the
east
of
Tuancheng.
One
of
Beihai
Park
stills
One
of
Beihai
Park
stills
(20
photos)
Connect
it
to
land.
Tomorrow
Shun
two
years
(1458),
the
"Tai
Su
Palace"
was
built
on
the
northern
shore
of
the
North
Sea
(now
at
the
Wulong
Pavilion).
Due
to
the
use
of
tin
as
material,
it
is
also
called
"Tin
Temple",
also
called
"Summer
Palace".
The
construction
of
this
temple
enabled
more
than
3,000
artisans
to
use
silver
for
200,000.
Build
the
"Ninghe
Temple"
on
the
east
bank;
build
the
"Yingcui
Temple"
on
the
west
bank.
The
eight-hole
stone
bridge
(the
suspension
bridge
was
originally
broken)
on
the
west
side
of
Tuancheng
was
changed
to
a
nine-hole
stone
bridge,
which
is
called
Jinao
Yutiao
Bridge.
The
"Showa
Hall"
and
other
buildings
were
built
on
the
newly
excavated
Nanhai
Yingtai.
(Original)
金灭辽后，改燕京为“中都”。金海陵王完颜亮天德二年（1150年）扩建“瑶屿行宫”，增建“瑶光殿”。金大定三年至十九年（1163年—1179年），金世宗仿照北宗汴梁（今河南开封）艮岳园，建琼华岛，并从“艮岳”御苑运来大量太湖石砌成假山岩洞，在中都的东北郊以瑶屿（即北海）为中心，修建大宁离宫（亦称太宁宫）。从那时起，北海就基本形成了今天皇家宫苑格局。当时把挖“金海”的土扩充成岛屿和环海的小山，岛称“琼华岛”，水称“西华潭”，并重修“广寒殿”等建筑。
至元元年到至元八年（1264—1271年），元世祖忽必烈决定在旧中都城东北郊选择新址，营建大都。随后八年里，三次扩建琼华岛，重建广寒殿。广寒殿东西宽120尺，深62尺，高50尺，殿广7间，作为帝王朝会之处。殿中放置“渎山大玉海”（今北海团城内的大玉瓮
蓝天下的北海公园
蓝天下的北海公园(53张)
），建“玉殿”放“五山珍玉榻”（今在台北），并建有一座玉制假山，殿顶悬挂玉制响铁，殿内另有两个小石笋各有龙头，喷吐着从山后用水车提上来的湖水。至元八年（1271年），琼华岛改称“万寿山”（又称“万岁山”）。以琼华岛为中心，又在湖的东西两岸营建宫殿，将北海建成一个颇有气派的皇家御园。
明朝朱棣迁都北京后，在元朝的基础上，对北海又加以扩充、修葺，但基本上保持了元代北海的格局。到了明代宣德年间，宣宗朱瞻基对“万岁山”进行大规模的扩建和修缮。在圆坻（今团城）修复了仪天殿，在圆坻南面小岛上建起了犀山抬圆殿，在团城的东部拆桥填土，
北海公园剧照之一
北海公园剧照之一(20张)
将其与陆地相连。
明天顺二年（1458年），在北海北岸（现五龙亭处）建“太素殿”，由于用锡做材料，又称为“锡殿”，也叫“避暑凉殿”。修建此殿役使工匠3000余人，用白银20万两。在东岸建“凝和殿”；在西岸建“迎翠殿”。把团城西面中断的八孔石桥（原断部有吊桥）改为九孔石桥，称为金鳌玉蝀桥。在新开挖的南海瀛台上的建“昭和殿”等建筑。
