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A
botanical
garden
or
botanic
garden
is
a
garden
dedicated
to
the
collection,
cultivation,
preservation
and
display
of
a
wide
range
of
plants
labelled
with
their
botanical
names.
It
may
contain
specialist
plant
collections
such
as
cacti
and
other
succulent
plants,
herb
gardens,
plants
from
particular
parts
of
the
world,
and
so
on;
there
may
be
greenhouses,
shadehouses,
again
with
special
collections
such
as
tropical
plants,
alpine
plants,
or
other
exotic
plants.
Visitor
services
at
a
botanical
garden
might
include
tours,
educational
displays,
art
exhibitions,
book
rooms,
open-air
theatrical
and
musical
performances,
and
other
entertainment.
Orto
botanico
di
Pisa
operated
by
the
University
of
Pisa:
The
first
university
botanic
garden
in
Europe,
established
in
1544
under
botanist
Luca
Ghini,
it
was
relocated
in
1563
and
again
in
1591
Botanical
gardens
are
often
run
by
universities
or
other
scientific
research
organizations,
and
often
have
associated
herbaria
and
research
programmes
in
plant
taxonomy
or
some
other
aspect
of
botanical
science.
In
principle,
their
role
is
to
maintain
documented
collections
of
living
plants
for
the
purposes
of
scientific
research,
conservation,
display,
and
education,
although
this
will
depend
on
the
resources
available
and
the
special
interests
pursued
at
each
particular
garden.
The
origin
of
modern
botanical
gardens
is
generally
traced
to
the
appointment
of
professors
of
botany
to
the
medical
faculties
of
universities
in
16th
century
Renaissance
Italy,
which
also
entailed
the
curation
of
a
medicinal
garden.
However,
the
objectives,
content,
and
audience
of
today's
botanic
gardens
more
closely
resembles
that
of
the
grandiose
gardens
of
antiquity
and
the
educational
garden
of
Theophrastus
in
the
Lyceum
of
ancient
Athens.
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