5/5 Hassan A. 3 years ago on Google
Very
beautiful
and
amazing!
Rhine
Citadel
in
Kerman
Province
is
the
second
brick
building
in
the
world
(after
Bam
Citadel)
and
belongs
to
the
Sassanid
period.
The
Rhine
Citadel
covers
an
area
of
about
4
hectares
and
has
several
watchtowers.
These
towers
had
long,
sharp
steps
made
of
thatch,
which
were
very
difficult
to
climb.
The
Rhine
Citadel
is
divided
into
public,
residential
and
barracks.
In
the
floor
of
the
rooms
above
the
entrance
of
the
citadel,
there
were
holes
in
the
floor
of
the
ground
that,
during
the
enemy's
attack,
hot
oil
was
poured
on
the
attacker
from
these
holes.
In
the
Government
Castle,
there
was
a
section
called
the
Relaxing
Restaurant
and
a
section
called
the
Guest
House,
with
a
small
courtyard
and
a
clean
garden
in
the
center
of
each,
with
rooms
around
it.
The
Government
Castle
had
a
central
section
that
led
to
the
same
point
from
all
sections
and
corridors.
Horses'
stables,
ammunition
depots,
etc.
were
located
in
the
public
area
and
were
also
a
bazaar
at
the
beginning
of
the
citadel.
The
citadel
of
Arg
was
converted
into
a
mosque
after
Islam
entered
the
Zurkhaneh
and
its
warehouse.
The
special
natural
and
political
location
of
the
Rhine
Citadel
has
made
it
one
of
the
most
strategic
historical
sites
in
Iran.
Although
the
citadel
is
located
on
the
edge
of
the
desert,
due
to
its
construction
on
the
slopes
of
the
high
peak
of
Hezar
at
an
altitude
of
2200
meters,
it
has
a
pleasant
climate.
Rhine
Castle
is
a
symbol
of
the
ancient
history
of
the
Rhine
region
and
is
one
of
the
many
castles
that
have
been
built
in
this
area
in
the
past,
but
after
all
these
years,
it
still
remains.
During
the
Sassanid
period,
it
was
called
Rain,
which
was
also
the
name
of
one
of
the
great
and
brave
commanders
of
Ardashir
II.
Some
studies
have
shown
that
the
current
building
of
the
castle
was
built
about
500
years
ago
on
the
old
ruins
of
the
castle
However,
in
the
several
centuries
since
the
origins
of
the
pre-Islamic
citadel,
we
have
witnessed
some
reconstructions
by
the
then
government.
Historical
books
from
the
first
century
AH
refer
to
the
Rhine
Citadel
of
Kerman
as
the
only
area
in
Kerman
province
that
was
not
captured
during
the
Arab
invasion
under
the
command
of
Ibn
Massoud's
detachments
in
31
AH.
During
the
reign
of
Nader
Shah
Afshar,
Mizra
Hossein
Khan
(Raini)
was
in
charge
of
the
citadel,
and
during
the
reign
of
Zandieh,
Mirza
Hossein
Khan's
son,
Mirza
Ali
Khan,
assumed
this
position.
The
Rhine
citadel
was
one
of
the
strongholds
of
Mirza
Hussein
Khan's
command,
and
even
after
the
fall
of
Zandieh,
the
castle
was
handed
over
to
the
descendants
of
this
beloved
commander.
People
loved
this
father
and
son
so
much
that
in
many
sources,
this
citadel
is
called
Mirza
Hossein
Khani
citadel.
Until
about
150
years
ago,
the
Rhine
Citadel
was
inhabited
by
about
5,000
people,
but
since
then
it
has
been
gradually
forgotten,
and
over
time
some
of
its
buildings
have
collapsed
and
the
roofs
of
a
number
of
houses
have
collapsed.
History
has
shown
that
the
Rhine
Army,
under
the
command
of
Ganjali
Khan
Khan,
the
ruler
of
Kerman,
used
rifles
made
by
Raini
artisans
to
win
the
war
against
the
Ottomans.
There
are
still
workshops
at
the
entrance
to
the
citadel
that
produce
the
famous
Rhine
Horned
Knife
with
goat's
horns
or
other
domestic
animals.
Looking
at
the
rich
history
of
the
Rhine
Citadel,
one
can
see
the
impenetrability
and
toughness
of
its
high
walls
alongside
the
warfare
of
its
people,
and
it
is
partly
due
to
the
fact
that
it
has
not
been
conquered
throughout
history.
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