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Chetham's
Library
in
Manchester,
England,
is
the
oldest
free
public
reference
library
in
the
English-speaking
world.
Chetham's
Hospital,
which
contains
both
the
library
and
Chetham's
School
of
Music,
was
established
in
1653
under
the
will
of
Humphrey
Chetham
(1580–1653),
for
the
education
of
"the
sons
of
honest,
industrious
and
painful
parents",[1]
and
a
library
for
the
use
of
scholars.
The
library
has
been
in
continuous
use
since
1653.
It
operates
as
an
independent
charity,
open
to
readers
free
of
charge,
Monday-Friday
09.00-12.30
and
13.30-16.30
by
prior
appointment.
Tours
of
the
Library
for
visitors
are
bookable
online
from
2
September
2019
via
the
Library
website.
The
library
holds
more
than
100,000
volumes
of
printed
books,
of
which
60,000
were
published
before
1851.
They
include
collections
of
16th-
and
17th-century
printed
works,
periodicals
and
journals,
local
history
sources,
broadsides
and
ephemera.
In
addition
to
print
materials,
the
library
holds
a
collection
of
over
1,000
manuscripts,
including
41
medieval
texts.
Chetham's
Library
is
an
Accredited
Museum
under
the
Arts
Council
England
Accreditation
scheme.
The
whole
of
its
collections
are
Designated
as
a
collection
of
national
and
international
importance
under
the
Museums,
Libraries
and
Archives
Council
Designation
scheme,
now
administered
by
Arts
Council
England.
Paintings
featured
as
a
part
of
the
library's
fine
arts
collection
include
portraits
of
William
Whitaker,
the
Reverend
John
Radcliffe,
Robert
Thyer,
the
Reverend
Francis
Robert
Raines,
and
Elizabeth
Leigh.
The
collection
includes
An
Allegory
with
Putti
and
Satyrs,
oil
on
canvas,
attributed
to
sixteenth
century
artist
and
Netherlander
Vincent
Sellaer.
One
of
the
most
substantial
collections
pertains
to
Belle
Vue
Zoo
and
Gardens,
Manchester's
most
renowned
entertainment
attraction
and
zoological
center,
in
operation
from
the
1830s
to
the
1980s.
The
collection
contains
thousands
of
posters,
programmes
and
photographs,
as
well
as
the
financial
and
business
papers
of
the
owner,
John
Jennison;
large
numbers
of
items
in
this
collection
are
available
in
digitised
form
online.
A
2014
grant
of
£45,000
obtained
by
Chetham's
Library
allowed
curators
to
make
the
collection
available
to
online
users,
via
digitization
projects.
The
manor
house
of
the
Lord
of
the
Manor,
in
the
centre
of
the
medieval
town
of
Manchester,
stood
on
a
sandstone
bluff,
at
the
confluence
of
the
River
Irwell
and
the
River
Irk.
In
1421
the
rector
of
the
parish
church,
Thomas
de
la
Warre
(Lord
of
the
manor
of
Manchester),
obtained
a
licence
from
Henry
V
to
refound
the
church
as
a
collegiate
foundation.
He
donated
his
manor
house
for
use
as
the
college
of
priests'
buildings
for
the
collegiate
church
(later
to
be
the
cathedral).
There
was
accommodation
for
the
warden,
eight
fellows,
four
clerks,
and
six
choristers.
The
Manchester
Free
Grammar
School
for
Lancashire
Boys
was
built
between
the
church
and
the
college
buildings
between
1515
and
1518.
The
college
was
dissolved
in
1547
by
the
Chantries
Act
and
sold
to
the
Earl
of
Derby.
It
was
re-founded
as
a
catholic
foundation
by
Queen
Mary
and
again
disbanded
by
Protestant
Queen
Elizabeth
I.
In
1578
the
collegiate
church
was
re-founded
by
charter
as
Christ's
College
and
re-occupied
by
the
warden
and
fellows.
In
the
Civil
War
it
was
used
as
a
prison
and
arsenal.
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