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STURDY
SAN
SEBASTIAN
-
The
Minor
Basilica
of
San
Sebastian,
better
known
as
San
Sebastian
Church
or
San
Sebastian
Basilica,
is
a
minor
basilica
of
the
Roman
Catholic
Church
in
Manila,
Philippines.
It
is
the
church
of
the
parish
of
San
Sebastian.
Noted
for
its
Gothic
Revival
architecture
and
completed
in
1891,
San
Sebastian
Church
is
the
only
steel
building
church
in
the
Philippines
that
was
designated
as
a
National
Historical
Landmark
in
1973
and
as
a
National
Cultural
Treasure
in
2011.
San
Sebastian
Church
is
under
the
care
of
the
Order
of
Augustinian
Recollects,
who
also
operate
the
San
Sebastian
College
adjacent
to
the
basilica.
It
is
located
at
Plaza
del
Carmen,
at
the
eastern
end
of
Recto
Avenue,
in
Quiapo,
Manila.
In
1621,
Bernardino
Castillo,
a
generous
patron
and
a
devotee
of
3rd
century
Roman
martyr
Saint
Sebastian,
donated
the
land
upon
which
the
church
stands.
The
original
structure,
made
of
wood,
burned
in
1651
during
a
Chinese
Filipino
uprising.
Succeeding
structures,
which
were
built
of
brick,
were
destroyed
by
fire
and
earthquakes
in
1859,
1863,
and
1880.
Spanish
Architect
Genaro
Palacios
was
commissioned
to
build
a
church
that
will
withstand
the
earthquakes
and
completed
a
design
that
fused
Earthquake
Baroque
with
the
Neo-Gothic
style.
His
final
design
was
said
to
have
been
inspired
by
the
famed
Gothic
Burgos
Cathedral
in
Burgos,
Spain.
The
first
shipments
of
pre-fabricated
steel
sections
arrived
in
1888
and
supervised
by
Belgian
engineers,
the
first
steel
column
was
erected
in
1890.
The
church
was
completed
and
consecrated
on
August
16,
1891.
On
May
16,
2006,
San
Sebastian
Church
was
included
by
the
National
Historical
Institute
(now
the
National
Historical
Commission
of
the
Philippines)
in
the
Philippines'
Tentative
List
for
possible
designation
as
a
World
Heritage
Site,
on
account
of
its
architectural
and
historical
heritage.
As
of
2017,
the
church
is
no
longer
included
in
the
Tentative
List.
In
recent
years,
San
Sebastian
Church
has
encountered
threats
to
its
structural
integrity.
The
steel
structure
has
been
beset
by
rust
and
corrosion
due
to
sea
breezes
from
nearby
Manila
Bay.
State
funding
was
accorded
to
the
church
through
the
National
Historical
Institute
which
undertook
restoration
in
1982.
The
Recollect
community
has
likewise
expended
funds
for
the
church's
maintenance
and
restoration.
In
1998,
it
was
placed
on
the
biennial
watchlist
of
the
100
Most
Endangered
Sites
by
the
World
Monuments
Fund,
though
it
was
not
retained
in
the
subsequent
watchlists.
It
has
long
been
reputed
that
Gustave
Eiffel,
the
French
engineer
behind
the
Eiffel
Tower
and
the
Statue
of
Liberty,
was
involved
in
the
design
and
construction
of
San
Sebastián,
but
this
was
never
confirmed.
However,
it
was
confirmed
later
on
that
Eiffel
was
involved
in
designing
and
supplying
the
metal
framework
for
San
Ignacio
Church
in
Intramuros
not
in
San
Sebastian.
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