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Teli
ka
Mandir,
Gwalior,
Madhya
Pradesh,
India
Telika
Mandir,
Gwalior
Fort,
Madhya
Pradesh,
Bharat.
Teli
ka
Mandir,
also
known
as
Telika
Temple,
is
a
Hindu
temple
located
with
in
the
Gwalior
Fort
in
Madhya
Pradesh.
Dedicated
to
Bhagwan
Shiv,
Sri
Vishnu
and
Matrikas,
it
has
been
variously
dated
between
the
early
8th
and
early
9th
century
CE.
It
is
an
atypical
design
for
a
Hindu
temple,
as
it
has
a
rectangular
sanctum
instead
of
the
typical
square.
It
integrates
the
architectural
elements
of
the
Nagara
style
and
the
Valabhi
prasada
that
looks
like
the
Dravidian
wagon-vault
topped
gopuram
superstructure.
The
temple
is
based
on
a
Gurjara
Pratihara-Gopagiri
style
North
Bharat
architecture.
The
temple
is
a
classic
example
of
a
design
based
on
"musical
harmonics"
in
architecture,
one
that
Hermann
Goetz
called
as
a
masterpiece
of
late
Gupta
era
Bhartiya
art.
Teli
ka
Mandir,
also
known
as
Telika
Temple,
is
a
Hindu
temple
located
within
the
Gwalior
Fort
in
Madhya
Pradesh,
India.
Dedicated
to
Vishnu,
Shiva
and
Matrikas,
it
has
been
variously
dated
between
the
early
8th
and
early
9th
century
CE.
It
is
an
unusual
Hindu
temple,
as
it
has
a
rectangular
sanctum
instead
of
the
typical
square.
It
integrates
the
architectural
elements
of
the
Nagara
style
and
the
Valabhi
prasada
that
looks
like
the
Dravidian
wagon-vault
topped
gopuram
superstructure.
The
temple
is
based
on
a
Pratihara-Gopagiri
style
North
Indian
architecture.
The
Telika
Mandir
is
generally
dated
to
between
8th
and
9th
century
based
on
paleography,
art-style,
architectural
design
and
small
inscriptions
found
within
the
temple
premises.
According
to
Michael
Meister,
an
art
historian
and
a
professor
specializing
in
Indian
temple
architecture,
the
temple
was
built
by
750
CE,
per
the
most
recently
discovered
inscriptions
in
Gwalior.
George
Michell,
another
art
historian
and
a
professor
specializing
in
Indian
temples,
the
temple
was
complete
by
the
9th
century.
Bharne
and
Krusche
place
the
temple
between
700
and
750
CE,
while
Allen
places
it
in
the
8th
century.According
to
Allen,
some
local
literature
states
it
to
be
from
the
11th
century,
but
the
evidence
suggests
that
this
late
chronology
is
inaccurate.
According
to
Bajpai,
the
temple
may
have
been
built
during
the
reign
of
the
Gurjara-Pratihara
Mihira
Bhoja.
The
temple
shows
signs
of
extensive
damage
and
change.
It
was
badly
damaged
in
the
plunder
raids
by
Muslim
army
of
Qutb-ud-din
Aibak
and
his
successor
Iltutmish
in
1232
CE
along
with
other
temples
in
the
fort
following
a
jauhar,
parts
of
the
ruins
were
then
used
to
apparently
build
a
mosque
nearby.
The
mosque
was
in
turn
apparently
destroyed
by
Hindu
Maratha
army
centuries
later.
The
temple
was
restored
by
the
Hindus
after
the
desecration
by
Iltutmish
forces,
which
speculated
Cunningham,
may
explain
some
of
the
features
that
appear
from
a
later
era.
The
temple
has
icons
and
inscriptions
related
to
all
three
major
traditions
of
Hinduism:
Shaivism,
Vaishnavism
and
Shaktism.
One
of
the
inscriptions,
for
example,
is
a
metrical
hymn
about
Durga.
The
relief
work
includes
a
prominent
Garuda,
the
vahana
of
Vishnu.
Inside
the
temple
is
a
Shiva
linga.
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