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Physical
fitness is
a
state
of health and well-being and,
more
specifically,
the
ability
to
perform
aspects
of sports,
occupations
and
daily
activities.
Physical
fitness
is
generally
achieved
through
proper nutrition,[1]moderate-vigorous physical
exercise,[2]Â and
sufficient
rest.[3]
Before
the
industrial
revolution, fitness was
defined
as
the
capacity
to
carry
out
the
dayâs
activities
without
undue
fatigue.
However,
with
automation
and
changes
in
lifestyles physical
fitness is
now
considered
a
measure
of
the
body's
ability
to
function
efficiently
and
effectively
in
work
and
leisure
activities,
to
be
healthy,
to
resist hypokinetic
diseases,
and
to
meet
emergency
situations.[4]
Physical
fitness is
a
state
of health and well-being and,
more
specifically,
the
ability
to
perform
aspects
of sports,
occupations
and
daily
activities.
Physical
fitness
is
generally
achieved
through
proper nutrition,[1]moderate-vigorous physical
exercise,[2]Â and
sufficient
rest.[3]
Before
the
industrial
revolution, fitness was
defined
as
the
capacity
to
carry
out
the
dayâs
activities
without
undue
fatigue.
However,
with
automation
and
changes
in
lifestyles physical
fitness is
now
considered
a
measure
of
the
body's
ability
to
function
efficiently
and
effectively
in
work
and
leisure
activities,
to
be
healthy,
to
resist hypokinetic
diseases,
and
to
meet
emergency
situations.[4]
Fitness
is
defined[5]Â as
the
quality
or
state
of
being
fit.
Around
1950,
perhaps
consistent
with
the Industrial
Revolution and
the
treatise
of World
War
II,
the
term
"fitness"
increased
in
western
vernacular
by
a
factor
of
ten.[6]Â The
modern
definition
of
fitness
describes
either
a
person
or
machine's
ability
to
perform
a
specific
function
or
a
holistic
definition
of
human
adaptability
to
cope
with
various
situations.
This
has
led
to
an
interrelation
of
human
fitness
and
attractiveness
that
has
mobilized
global
fitness
and
fitness
equipment
industries.
Regarding
specific
function,
fitness
is
attributed
to
persons
who
possess
significant aerobic or anaerobicability,
i.e.
endurance
or
strength.
A
well-rounded
fitness
program
improves
a
person
in
all
aspects
of
fitness
compared
to
practicing
only
one,
such
as
only
cardio/respiratory
endurance
or
only
weight
training.
A
comprehensive
fitness
program
tailored
to
an
individual
typically
focuses
on
one
or
more
specific
skills,[7]Â and
on
age-[8]Â or
health-related
needs
such
as
bone
health.[9]Â Many
sources[10]Â also
cite mental, social and emotional
health as
an
important
part
of
overall
fitness.
This
is
often
presented
in
textbooks
as
a triangle made
up
of
three
points,
which
represent
physical,
emotional,
and
mental
fitness.
Physical
fitness
can
also
prevent
or
treat
many
chronic
health
conditions
brought
on
by
unhealthy lifestyle or
aging.[11]Â Working
out
can
also
help
some
people
sleep
better
and
possibly
alleviate
some
mood
disorders
in
certain
individuals.[12]
Developing
research
has
demonstrated
that
many
of
the
benefits
of
exercise
are
mediated
through
the
role
of
skeletal
muscle
as
an
endocrine
organ.
That
is,
contracting
muscles
release
multiple
substances
known
as myokines,
which
promote
the
growth
of
new
tissue,
tissue
repair,
and
various
anti-inflammatory
functions,
which
in
turn
reduce
the
risk
of
developing
various
inflammatory
diseases.[13]
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