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Ipponyari
Calamba
refers
to
a
historical
event
in
the
Philippines
known
as
the
"Ipponyari
Riot"
or
"Calamba
Riot."
It
took
place
in
Calamba,
a
city
in
the
province
of
Laguna,
in
the
late
19th
century
during
the
Spanish
colonial
period.
Calamba
is
notable
for
being
the
hometown
of
the
Philippine
national
hero,
Dr.
Jose
Rizal.
Rizal's
family
owned
a
vast
estate
in
Calamba
called
the
Hacienda
de
Calamba,
which
consisted
of
various
agricultural
lands
and
a
sugar
mill.
The
estate
employed
many
local
farmers
and
tenants
who
worked
under
unfavorable
conditions.
The
Ipponyari
Riot
occurred
on
January
20,
1890,
when
the
tenants
of
Hacienda
de
Calamba
protested
against
the
unjust
treatment
and
abuses
they
experienced
under
the
management
of
the
Rizal
family.
The
term
"Ipponyari"
referred
to
the
practice
of
forcing
the
tenants
to
buy
rice
from
the
estate's
store
at
inflated
prices,
leaving
them
in
debt
and
unable
to
improve
their
living
conditions.
The
riot
was
sparked
by
the
arrest
of
a
tenant
who
was
accused
of
stealing
rice
from
the
estate.
The
other
tenants,
feeling
outraged
and
oppressed,
rose
up
in
protest.
They
attacked
the
estate's
rice
mill,
destroyed
some
property,
and
demanded
fair
treatment
and
better
working
conditions.
The
Spanish
authorities
intervened
and
suppressed
the
riot,
leading
to
arrests
and
imprisonment.
Dr.
Jose
Rizal's
mother
and
sisters
were
also
among
those
detained.
This
event
further
fueled
Rizal's
nationalist
sentiments
and
his
advocacy
for
social
reforms
in
the
Philippines.
The
Ipponyari
Riot
in
Calamba
highlighted
the
oppressive
conditions
faced
by
the
Filipino
peasants
during
the
Spanish
colonial
period.
It
served
as
an
important
catalyst
for
the
Philippine
Revolution
against
Spain,
which
eventually
led
to
the
country's
independence.
The
event
also
played
a
significant
role
in
shaping
Rizal's
views
on
social
justice
and
national
identity.
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