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The
Cathedral
of
Santa
Maria
de
Regla
de
Leão
is
a
Catholic
church,
episcopal
see
of
the
Diocese
of
Leão,
dedicated
to
the
advocacy
of
Our
Lady.
It
was
the
first
property
classified
as
a
national
monument
in
Spain,
by
the
Royal
Order
of
August
28,
1844.
Started
in
1205,
it
is
one
of
the
great
works
of
Gothic
architecture,
of
French
influence.
Known
as
Pulchra
Leonina,
which
means
"beautiful
Lioness",
it
is
found
on
the
Camino
de
Santiago.
The
building
takes
the
"dematerialization"
of
Gothic
art
to
the
extreme,
that
is,
the
reduction
of
walls
to
their
minimum
expression
to
be
replaced
by
around
1,800
m²
of
colored
stained
glass,
which
constitutes
one
of
the
largest
sets
of
medieval
stained
glass
in
the
world.
In
1844,
the
poor
condition
of
the
building
led
the
state
to
rush
to
repair
it.
The
cathedral
was
declared
a
national
monument,
the
first
in
Spain.
In
1849,
the
Jesuit
P.
Ibáñez
designed
and
installed
a
new
rose
window
for
the
south
gable.
Shortly
after,
the
chapter
feared
a
fatal
outcome,
when
in
1857
stones
began
to
fall
again
from
the
transept
and
the
central
nave,
spreading
fear
of
the
total
collapse
of
the
cathedral,
which
spread
throughout
Spain
and
Europe.
The
Royal
Academy
of
Fine
Arts
of
San
Fernando
intervened
and
the
government
entrusted
Matías
Laviña
with
the
direction
of
the
works
in
1859.
To
stop
the
deterioration
of
the
building
while
it
was
being
reconstructed,
Madrazo
designed
an
admirable
system
of
covering
the
high
vaults
with
trusses,
which
involved
very
complex
carpentry
work
and
served
to
sustain
all
the
tensions
of
the
temple
while
the
reconstruction
of
the
entire
south
facade.
In
addition,
the
arrangement
of
the
vaults
was
modified
and
the
south
facade
was
redone
from
the
arcade,
taking
inspiration
from
the
north
facade.
In
general,
he
planned
the
entire
building
as
we
find
it
today.
The
objective
was
to
get
back
Pulchra
Leonina,
that
is,
the
cathedral
in
its
original
state
of
pure
Gothic,
eliminating
everything
that
had
altered
that
purity.
restoration,
albeit
to
a
lesser
extent.
In
1911,
Manuel
Cárdenas
demolished
the
Porta
do
Bispo,
a
civil
building
that
connected
the
cathedral
with
the
episcopal
palace.
In
1930,
Juan
Crisóstomo
Torbado
finished
the
outer
fence,
which
had
been
started
in
1794,
closing
off
the
entire
atrium.
The
same
architect
later
carried
out
the
restoration
of
the
cloister.
In
1963,
Luis
Menéndez-Pidal
y
Álvarez
remade
the
perforated
rose
of
the
triangular
finial
on
the
south
gable,
imitating
the
one
on
the
north
gable.
In
1963,
the
architect
Luis
Menéndez
Pidal
remade
the
perforated
rose
of
the
triangular
finish
on
the
south
gable,
imitating
the
northern
one.
On
May
27,
1966,
a
fire
caused
by
lightning
destroyed
the
entire
roof
of
the
tall
naves,
but
the
consequences
were
not
serious
due
to
the
intervention
of
the
master
builder
Andrés
Seoane,
thanks
to
which
the
roof
could
be
repaired.
In
the
first
decades
of
the
21st
century,
important
works
have
been
carried
out
to
reinforce
the
structures
and
to
treat
and
clean
the
stones
with
the
most
modern
techniques.
Since
2009,
the
restoration
and
consolidation
of
the
stained
glass
has
also
taken
place,
namely
with
the
placement
of
protective
glass
to
close
the
openings,
isothermal
glass
to
protect
the
stained
glass
from
atmospheric
effects
and
external
protective
metal
meshes.
Funding
for
these
works
has
been
provided
by
the
Spanish
Ministry
of
Culture
and
the
Junta
de
Castilla
y
León,
through
the
cultural
project
"Cathedral
de
León,
the
dream
of
light"
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