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Monuments
>
Church
of
the
Holy
Virgin
(Gabal
al-Tayr)
Church
of
the
Holy
Virgin
(Gabal
al-Tayr)
Church
of
the
Holy
Virgin
(Gabal
al-Tayr)
Add
Story
Al-Minya
The
Church
of
the
Holy
Virgin
lies
on
top
of
Gabal
“Mount”
al-Tayr,
adjacent
to
the
River
Nile,
in
al-Minya
in
Middle
Egypt.
It
is
considered
one
of
the
most
important
places
visited
by
the
Holy
Family
during
the
Flight
into
Egypt,
second
only
to
the
Muharraq
Monastery.
It
was
built
in
328
AD
by
Empress
Helena,
the
mother
of
Constantine
the
Great,
the
first
Byzantine
emperor
to
convert
to
Christianity.
Gabal
al-Tayr
gets
its
name
from
tayr
“bird”
from
the
vast
number
of
birds
living
and
nesting
there.
It
is
also
known
as
Gabal
al-Kaff
“Mountain
of
the
Palm
(of
the
hand)”
and
Deir
al-Bakara
“The
Monastery
of
the
Pulley”.
The
church
is
carved
entirely
out
of
the
rock.
It
is
probably
a
repurposed
ancient
Egyptian
or
Roman
tomb.
Decorative
friezes
incorporating
flora,
fauna,
and
human
forms
adorn
the
area
above
the
western
entrance.
The
church
follows
the
early
Christian
basilical
plan,
consisting
of
a
nave
with
two
side
aisles,
a
western
return
aisle,
and
three
ambulatory
shrines.
Gabal
al-Tayr
is
one
of
the
more
important
pilgrimage
destinations.
The
Feast
of
the
Assumption
of
the
Holy
Virgin
is
celebrated
here
on
the
22nd
of
August,
when
people
from
all
around
Egypt
flock
to
attend
the
church
during
the
festival.