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The
Atacama
Desert
(Spanish:
Desierto
de
Atacama)
is
a
desert
plateau
in
South
America
covering
a
1,600
km
(990
mi)
strip
of
land
on
the
Pacific
coast,
west
of
the
Andes
Mountains.
The
Atacama
Desert
is
the
driest
nonpolar
desert
in
the
world,[A]
as
well
as
the
only
true
desert
to
receive
less
precipitation
than
the
polar
deserts
and
the
largest
fog
desert
in
the
world.
Both
regions
have
been
used
as
experimentation
sites
on
Earth
for
Mars
expedition
simulations.
According
to
estimates,
the
Atacama
Desert
occupies
105,000
km2
(41,000
sq
mi),[6]
or
128,000
km2
(49,000
sq
mi)
if
the
barren
lower
slopes
of
the
Andes
are
included.[7]
Most
of
the
desert
is
composed
of
stony
terrain,
salt
lakes
(salares),
sand,
and
felsic
lava
that
flows
towards
the
Andes.
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