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Central
Coalfields
Limited
-
The
Historical
March
Central
Coalfields
Limited
is
a
Category-I
Mini-Ratna
Company
since
October
2007.
During
2009-10,
coal
production
of
the
company
reached
its
highest-ever
figure
of
47.08
million
tones,
with
net
worth
amounting
to
Rs.2644
crore
against
a
paid-up
capital
of
Rs.940
crore.
Formed
on
1st
November
1975,
CCL
(formerly
National
Coal
Development
Corporation
Ltd)
was
one
of
the
five
subsidiaries
of
Coal
India
Ltd.
which
was
the
first
holding
company
for
coal
in
the
country
(CIL
now
has
8
subsidiaries).
Early
History
-
Formation
of
NCDC
(Pre-nationalisation)
CCL
had
a
proud
past.
As
NCDC,
it
heralded
the
beginning
of
nationalization
of
coal
mines
in
India.
National
Coal
Development
Corporation
Ltd.
(NCDC)
was
set
up
in
October,
1956
as
Government-owned
Company
in
pursuance
of
the
Industrial
Policy
Resolutions
of
1948
and
1956
of
the
Government
of
India.
It
was
started
with
a
nucleus
of
11
old
state
collieries
(owned
by
the
Railways)
having
a
total
annual
production
of
2.9
million
tonnes
of
coal.
Until
the
formation
of
NCDC,
coal
mining
in
India
was
largely
confined
to
the
Raniganj
coal
belt
in
West
Bengal
and
the
Jharia
coalfields
in
Bihar
(now
in
Jharkhand),
besides
a
few
other
areas
in
Bihar
(now
in
Jharkhand)
and
a
part
of
Madhya
Pradesh
(now
Chattishgarh
also)
and
Orissa.
From
its
very
beginning,
NCDC
addressed
itself
to
the
task
of
increasing
coal
production
and
developing
new
coal
resources
in
the
outlying
areas,
besides
introducing
modern
and
scientific
techniques
of
coal
mining.
In
the
Second
Five
Year
Plan
(1956-1961)
NCDC
was
called
upon
to
increase
its
production
from
new
collieries,
to
be
opened
mainly
in
areas
away
from
the
already
developed
Raniganj
and
Jharia
coalfields.
Eight
new
collieries
were
opened
during
this
period
and
the
production
increased
to
8.05
million
tonnes
by
the
end
of
Second
Plan.
During
Third
Five
Year
Plan
(1961-1966),
though
the
Corporation
had
built
up
a
much
larger
production
capacity,
it
could
not
be
utilized
due
to
a
sluggish
domestic
coal
market.
Production
had,
therefore,
to
be
pegged
down
and
the
development
of
several
collieries
undertaken
from
the
early
part
of
the
Plan
period,
had
to
be
suspended.
By
this
time,
the
contribution
of
NCDC
to
the
nation's
coal
production
(67.72
million
tones)
increased
to
around
9.6
million
tonnes.
With
gradual
rise
in
the
demand
of
coal
due
to
commissioning
of
new
power
plants
and
development
of
other
coal-based
industries
during
Fourth
Five
Year
Plan
(1969-1974),
NCDC's
production
increased
to
15.55
million
tonnes
by
the
terminal
year
of
Fourth
Five
Year
Plan,
i.e.,
1973-74.

Fig.
Shovel
loading
a
bottom
discharge
dumper
in
an
opencast
mine
in
1977-78

Fig.
Shovel
loading
a
rear
discharge
dumper
in
an
opencast
mine
2009-10
NCDC
played
a
pioneering
role
in
India's
coal
industry
by
introducing
large-scale
mechanization
and
modern
and
scientific
methods
of
coal
mining
for
promoting
conservation
of
high
grades
of
coal
and
exploiting
deep
coking
coal
seams
necessitating
heavy
capital
investment
and
sophisticated
technical
skill.
NCDC
went
in
for
foreign
collaboration
with
countries
such
as
Poland
and
the
USSR
besides
limited
collaboration
with
Japan,
West
Germany
and
France.
NCDC's
role
can
be
truly
assessed
by
its
contribution
towards
growth
of
new
coal
resources
in,
what
are
known
as,
the
outlying
areas.
The
opening
of
new
mines
in
Madhya
Pradesh,
Orissa
and
Maharashtra
brought
about
a
significant
change
in
these
regions
by
creating
new
opportunities
of
industrialization
and
employment.
Development
of
the
Singrauli
coalfields
has
brought
coal
almost
to
the
door
steps
of
northern
India.
With
the
development
and
application
of
improved
mining
techniques,
emphasis
on
planning,
design
and
research;
introduction
of
modern
mine
management
systems
and
an
enlightened
industrial
relations
policy,
NCDC
was
able
to
provide
the
infrastructure
for
the
total
nationalization
of
coal
industry
in
the
country.
Nationalization
of
Coal
Mines
A
major
event
in
the
history
of
Indian
coal
industry
during
th
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