5/5 Riya R. 2 years ago on Google
The Giza
Pyramid
Complex,
also
called
the Giza
Necropolis,
is
the
site
on
the Giza
Plateau in Greater
Cairo, Egypt that
includes
the Great
Pyramid
of
Giza,
the Pyramid
of
Khafre,
and
the Pyramid
of
Menkaure,
along
with
their
associated
pyramid
complexes
and
the Great
Sphinx
of
Giza.
All
were
built
during
the Fourth
Dynasty of
the Old
Kingdom of Ancient
Egypt.
The
site
also
includes
several
cemeteries
and
the
remains
of
a
workers
village.The
site
is
at
the
edges
of
the Western
Desert,
approximately
9
kilometres
(5.6 mi)
west
of
the Nile
River in
the
city
of Giza,
and
about
13
kilometres
(8 mi)
southwest
of
the
city
centre
of Cairo.
The
Great
Pyramid
and
the
Pyramid
of
Khafre
are
the
largest pyramids
built
in
ancient
Egypt,
and
they
have
historically
been
common
as
emblems
of Ancient
Egypt
in
the
Western
imagination.[1][2]They
were
popularised
in Hellenistic times,
when
the
Great
Pyramid
was
listed
by Antipater
of
Sidonas
one
of
the Seven
Wonders
of
the
World.
It
is
by
far
the
oldest
of
the
Ancient
Wonders
and
the
only
one
still
in
existence.
The
Giza
pyramid
complex
consists
of
the Great
Pyramid (also
known
as
the
Pyramid
of
Cheops
or Khufu and
constructed c. 2580 –
c. 2560 BC),
the
somewhat
smaller Pyramid
of
Khafre (or
Chephren)
a
few
hundred
meters
to
the
south-west,
and
the
relatively
modest-sized Pyramid
of
Menkaure (or Mykerinos)
a
few
hundred
meters
farther
south-west.
The Great
Sphinx lies
on
the
east
side
of
the
complex.
Current
consensus
among
Egyptologists
is
that
the
head
of
the
Great
Sphinx
is
that
of Khafre.
Along
with
these
major
monuments
are
a
number
of
smaller
satellite
edifices,
known
as
"queens"
pyramids,
causeways
and
valley
pyramids.[3]As
the
pyramids
were
constructed,
the mastabasfor
lesser
royals
were
constructed
around
them.
Near
the
pyramid
of
Khufu,
the
main
cemetery
is
G
7000,
which
lies
in
the
East
Field
located
to
the
east
of
the
main
pyramid
and
next
to
the
Queen's
pyramids.
These
cemeteries
around
the
pyramids
were
arranged
along
streets
and
avenues.[15]Cemetery
G
7000
was
one
of
the
earliest
and
contained
tombs
of
wives,
sons
and
daughters
of
these 4th
Dynasty rulers.
On
the
other
side
of
the
pyramid
in
the
West
Field,
the
royals
sons Wepemnofret and Hemiunu were
buried
in
Cemetery
G
1200
and
Cemetery
G
4000
respectively.
These
cemeteries
were
further
expanded
during
the 5th and 6th
Dynasties.[6]
West
Field
The
West
Field
is
located
to
the
west
of
Khufu's
pyramid.
It
is
divided
into
smaller
areas
such
as
the
cemeteries
referred
to
as
the
Abu
Bakr
Excavations
(1949–50,
1950–1,1952
and
1953),
and
several
cemeteries
named
based
on
the mastaba numbers
such
as
Cemetery
G
1000,
Cemetery
G
1100,
etc.
The
West
Field
contains
Cemetery
G1000 –
Cemetery
G1600,
and
Cemetery
G
1900.
Further
cemeteries
in
this
field
are:
Cemeteries
G
2000,
G
2200,
G
2500,
G
3000,
G
4000,
and
G
6000.
Three
other
cemeteries
are
named
after
their
excavators:
Junker
Cemetery
West,
Junker
Cemetery
East
and
Steindorff
Cemetery.[6]:100–122
7 people found this review helpful 👍