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The
Rio
de
Janeiro
Botanical
Garden
or
Jardim
Botânico
is
located
at
the
Jardim
Botânico
district
in
the
South
Zone
of
Rio
de
Janeiro.
The
Botanical
Garden
shows
the
diversity
of
Brazilian
and
foreign
flora.
There
are
around
6,500
species
(some
endangered)
distributed
throughout
an
area
of
54
hectares
(130
acres)
as
well
as
numerous
greenhouses.
The
garden
also
houses
monuments
of
historical,
artistic,
and
archaeological
significance.
There
is
an
important
research
center,
which
includes
the
most
complete
library
in
the
country
specializing
in
botany
with
over
32,000
volumes.
It
was
founded
in
1808
by
King
John
VI
of
Portugal.
Originally
intended
for
the
acclimatization
of
spices
like
nutmeg,
pepper
and
cinnamon
imported
from
the
West
Indies,
the
garden
was
opened
to
the
public
in
1822,
and
is
now
open
during
daylight
hours
every
day
except
25
December
and
1
January.
The
140
hectares
(350
acres)
park
lies
at
the
foot
of
the
Corcovado
Mountain,
far
below
the
right
arm
of
the
statue
of
Christ
the
Redeemer
and
contains
more
than
6,000
different
species
of
tropical
and
subtropical
plants
and
trees,
including
900
varieties
of
palm
trees.
A
750
metres
(2,460
ft)
line
of
134
palms
forms
the
Avenue
of
Royal
Palms
leading
from
the
entrance
into
the
gardens.
These
palms
all
descended
from
a
single
tree,
the
Palma
Mater,
long
since
destroyed
by
lightning.
Only
about
40%
of
the
park
is
cultivated,
the
remainder
being
Atlantic
Forest
rising
up
the
slopes
of
Corcovado.
The
park
is
protected
by
the
Patrimônio
Histórico
e
Artístico
Nacional
and
was
designated
as
a
biosphere
reserve
by
UNESCO
in
1992.
The
Botanical
Garden
has
an
important
research
institute,
which
develops
a
wide
range
of
botanical
studies
in
Brazil.
The
institute
has
taxonomists
who
specialize
in
the
identification
and
conservation
of
the
neotropical
flora.
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