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Samadhi
Buddha
Statues,
Anuradhapura,
Sri
Lanka.
Many
archeologists
including
Prof.
Paranawithana
believe
that
Buddha
statues
have
been
created
in
India
for
the
first
time
and
influenced
Sri
Lankan
sculpture
and
the
earliest
statues
can
be
seen
in
the
country
only
after
2nd
or
3rd
Century
AD.
Quoting
literary
evidence,
Mahawansa
and
Buddhist
commentaries,
some
other
scholars Including
MH
Sirisoma
and
Charls
Godakumbura
former
DGs
of
Dept.
of
Archeology,
DT
Devendra
and
Martin
Wickramasingha
believe,
that
Sri
Lankan
Buddha
statues
have
been
created
in
Sri
Lanka
before
India
or
simultaneously.
To
support
this opinion
they
say
that
the
arrival
of
Sri
Maha
Bodhi,
various
arts
and
craft
were
introduced
to
Sri
Lanka.
Mahawansa
mentions
that
during
the
King
Dewanam
Piyatissa period
a
granite
statue
(Urusilapatima)
was
placed
at
the
Thuprama
premises.
At the
beginning,
people
may
have
created
Buddha
statues
with
perishable
material
such
as
clay
or
wood.
Several
literature
sources
mention
about
Buddha
statues
from
the
2nd C.
BC.
However
this
opinion
has
not
been
established
yet.
The
earliest
Buddha statues
are
found
in
Mahailuppalama
made
out
of
marble
or
lime
stones
and
in
Ruwanweliseya,
which
belong
to
the
2nd
Century
AD.
Both
are
upright
statues.
Archeologists
believe
that
Sinhalese
artists
have
created
this
statue
having
the instructions
of
Andra
artists
and
the
material.
There
are
records
that
in
the
later period,
the
eyes
of
Buddha
statues
were
adorned
with
gems
and
gold
gilded.
"Smadhi
Buddha
Statue"
from
India?
Sitting
posture
or
the
psychological
implications
of
the
Smadhi
or
Anuradhapura
Buddha
image,
contradict
all
such
speculations.
“In
Ceylon
the
making
of
the
Buddha
Image
developed
not
as
a
commercial
art
but
as
a
religious
art
under
the
guidance
of
monks
and
sculptors
who
derived
inspiration
from
their
devotional
worship.
Among
the
old
Buddha
images
of
Ceylon
there
is
none
that
represents
Saranath
or
ornamental
Matura
type.
Ceylon
monks
seem
to
have
conservatively
and
fiercely
stuck
to
their
austere
conception
of
the
iconography
of
the
Buddhas
Image
”.
"The Samadhi
or
Anuradhapura
Buddha
Statue
easily
surpasses
the
Buddhagaya
image
in representing
in
visual
form
the
implications
of
the
Buddhahood”,
Martin
Wickrakasingha
-
1968.
Early
Anuradhapura
period
(2nd
C
AD
to
5th
C
AD),
Sri
Lankan
sculptor
has
shown
his
ability
to
create
Buddha statues,
which
depicted
the
Budhha’s
sublime
qualities
such
as
serenity,
compassion, loving
kindness,
and
deep
meditation
in
a
very
simple
manner.
The
facial
expression
is
very effective.
According
to
the
Archaeologist,
"Samadhi
Buddha
Statue"
depicts
following
Main
features.
-
Robe
covers
single
shoulder
-
No
pleats
of
the
robe
and
it
is
shown
by
just
a
line
in
the
early
period
-
Full
round
hair
with
wide
forehead
-
Facial
expression
of
compassion,
kindness
and
deep
meditation,
serenity and
spiritual
purity.
-
Deep
Meditation
Posture
This
is
the
period
that
the
Sri
Lankan
Buddha
statues
started
to
show
the
Sinhalesevtradition.
What
the
Sri
Lankan
sculptor
wanted
was
not
to
follow
the
texts
on iconography
to
the
letter
but
to
show
sublime
qualities
of
the
Buddha.