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Cox's
Bazar
This
article
is
about
the
city.
For
the
district,
see Cox's
Bazar
District.
For
the
upazila,
see Cox's
Bazar
Sadar
Upazila.
For
the
beach,
see Cox's
Bazar
Beach.
Cox's
Bazar (Bengali: কক্সবাজার, pronounced [kɔksbadʒaɾ])
is
a
city,
fishing
port,
tourism
centre
and district headquarters
in
southeastern Bangladesh.
It
is
famous
mostly
for
its
long
natural
sandy beach.
It
is
located
150 km
(93 mi)
south
of
the
city
of Chittagong.
Cox's
Bazar
is
also
known
by
the
name Panowa, which
translates
literally
as
"yellow
flower".
Another
old
name
was
"Palongkee".
Cox's
Bazar
কক্সবাজার
Panowa
(প্যানোয়া)
City
From
top:
Dolphin
er
Moure,
City
street,
Nighlife
in
Cox's
Bazar,
Kolatoli
sea
beach
after
sunset
Cox's
Bazar
Location
of
Cox's
Bazar
in
Bangladesh
Show
map
of
Chittagong
divisionShow
map
of
BangladeshShow
all
Coordinates: 21.443°N
91.978°ECountry
BangladeshDivisionChittagong
DivisionDistrictCox's
Bazar
DistrictGovernment
• Member
of
parliamentShaimum
Sarwar
KamalArea
• City23.4 km2 (9.0 sq mi)Population
(2011
Total
population
represents
population
in
city
and
metro
represents
entire
district.[1])
• City223,522 • Density9,600/km2 (25,000/sq mi) • Metro
265,500Time
zoneUTC+6 (BST)AirportCox's
Bazar
AirportThis
article
contains Bengali
text. Without
proper rendering
support,
you
may
see question
marks,
boxes,
or
other
symbols.
The
modern
Cox's
Bazar
derives
its
name
from
Captain Hiram
Cox,
an
officer
of
the British
East
India
Company,
a
Superintendent
of
Palongkee
outpost.
To
commemorate
his
role
in
refugee
rehabilitation
work,
a
market
was
established
and
named
after
him.
The
city
covers
an
area
of
23.4 km2 (9.0 sq mi)
with
27 mahallas and
9
wards
and
as
of
2011
had
a
population
of
265,500.[1] Cox's
Bazar
is
connected
by
road
and
air
with Chittagong.[2][3]
HistoryEdit
From
the
early
9th
century
the
greater
Chittagong
area,
including
Cox's
Bazar,
was
under
the
rule
of Arakan kings
until
its
conquest
by
the Mughals in
1666
AD.[4] When
the
Mughal
Prince Shah
Shuja was
passing
through
the
hilly
terrain
of
the
present-day
Cox's
Bazar
on
his
way
to
Arakan,
he
was
attracted
to
its
scenic
and
captivating
beauty.
He
commanded
his
forces
to
camp
there.
His
retinue
of
one
thousand palanquins stopped
there
for
some
time.
A
place
named Dulahazara, meaning
"one
thousand
palanquins,"
still
exists
in
the
area.
After
the
Mughals,
the
place
came
under
the
control
of
the
Tipras
and
the
Arakanese,
followed
by
the
Portuguese
and
then
the British.
The
name
Cox's
Bazar
originated
from
the
name
of
a British
East
India
Company officer,
Captain Hiram
Cox,
who
was
appointed
as
the
Superintendent
of
Palonki
(today's
Cox's
Bazar)
outpost.
He
succeeded Warren
Hastings,
who
became
the Governor
of
Bengal following
the
British
East
India
Company
Act
in
1773.
Cox
embarked
upon
the
task
of
rehabilitation
and
settlement
of
the Arakanese refugees
in
the
area.[5] He
rehabilitated
many
refugees
in
the
area,
but
died
in
1799
before
finishing
his
work.
To
commemorate
him,
a
market
was
established
and
named
after
him,
called
Cox's
Bazar.
Cox's
Bazar
was
first
established
in
1854
and
became
a
municipality
in
1869.[4]
After
the Sepoy
Mutiny in
1857,
the
British
East
India
Company
was
highly
criticised
on
humanitarian
grounds,
specially
for
its opium trade
monopoly
over
the Indian
Sub-Continent.
However,
after
its
dissolution
on
1
January
1874,
the
company's
assets,
including
its
armed
forces,
were
acquired
by
the British
Crown.
After
this
takeover,
Cox's
Bazar
was
declared
a
district
of
the Bengal
Province under
the
British
Crown.
20th
centuryEdit
Cox's
Bazar
Map
from
Series
U542,
US
Army
Map
Service,
1955
Just
after
the
end
of
British
rule
in
1947,
Cox's
Bazar
became
part
of East
Pakistan. Captain
Advocate
Fazlul
Karim,
the
first
post-independence
chairman
of
Cox's
Bazar
Municipality,
established
the
Tamarisk
Forest
along
the
beach.
He
wanted
to
attract
tourists
as
well
as
to
protect
the
beach
from tsunamis.
He
donated
much
of
his
father-in-law's